權衡篡賢
Weighing and Selecting the Worthy
孫子曰：用兵移民之道，權衡也。權衡，所以篡賢取良也。陰陽，所以聚眾合敵也。正衡再累既忠，是謂不窮。稱鄉縣衡，雖其宜也。私公之財壹也，夫民有不足於壽而有餘於貨者，有不足於貨而有餘於壽者。唯明王聖人知之，故能留之。死者不毒，奪者不慍。此無窮..民皆盡力。近者弗則遠者無能。貨多則辨，辨則民不德其上。貨少則□，□則天下以為尊。然則為民賕也，吾所以為賕也，此兵之久也。用兵之國之寶也。
Sun Bin said: The way of employing troops and mobilizing the people is like a balance scale. The balance scale is used to select the worthy and choose the able. Yin and yang are used to gather masses and confront the enemy. When the balance is calibrated and loyalty accumulated, this is called inexhaustibility. Weigh by district and county with the balance, though each has its appropriate measure. Private and public wealth should be unified. Among the people, some have a shortage of years but an excess of wealth; others have a shortage of wealth but an excess of years. Only an enlightened king and sage knows this and can thereby retain them. Those who die feel no resentment; those whose goods are taken feel no anger. This is inexhaustible [...] and the people all exert themselves fully. If those nearby are not [satisfied], those far away will not come. When goods are too plentiful, there is disputation; with disputation, the people feel no gratitude toward their superiors. When goods are scarce, then [lacuna]; then all under heaven regards [the ruler] as honored. This is the means of winning the people's allegiance; this is the means of sustaining warfare long-term. Employing troops is a state's treasure.
Notes
This chapter addresses the economic and demographic foundations of military power. The balance-scale (權衡) metaphor connects selection of personnel to assessment of resources. Sun Bin's observation about different people having surpluses of either wealth or longevity — and the state's need to mobilize both — reflects sophisticated thinking about wartime economics.