The Reign of Khosrow Parviz (Part 9) — Persian miniature painting

Shahnameh · Fall of the Sasanians

The Reign of Khosrow Parviz (Part 9)

پادشاهی خسرو پرویز ۹

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وصیت بهرام و مرگ او

Bahram's Deathbed Confession and Death

بد آمد بدین خاندان بزرگ همه میش گشتیم و دشمن چو گرک چو آن خسته بشنید گفتار او بدید آن دل و رای هشیار او به ناخن رخان خسته و کنده موی پر از خون دل و دیده پر آب روی به زاری و سستی زبان برگشاد چنین گفت کای خواهر پاک وراد ز پند تو کمی نبد هیچ چیز ولیکن مرا خود پر آمد قفیز همی پند بر من نبد کارگر ز هر گونه چون دیو بد راه بر نبد خسروی برتر از جمشید کزو بود گیتی به بیم وامید کجا شد به گفتار دیوان ز شاه جهان کرد بر خویشتن بر سیاه همان نیز بیدار کاوس کی جهاندار نیک اختر و نیک پی تبه شد به گفتار دیو پلید شنیدی بدیها که او را رسید همان به آسمان شد که گردان سپهر ببیند پراگندن ماه و مهر مرا نیز هم دیو بی‌راه کرد ز خوبی همان دست کوتاه کرد پشیمانم از هرچ کردم ز بد کنون گر ببخشد ز یزدان سزد نوشته برین گونه بد بر سرم غم کرده های کهن چون خورم ز تارک کنون آب برتر گذشت غم و شادمانی همه باد گشت نوشته چنین بود وبود آنچ بود نوشته نکاهد نه هرگز فزود همان پند تویادگارمنست سخنهای توگوشوارمنست سرآمد کنون کار بیداد و داد سخنهات برمن مکن نیزیاد شماروی راسوی یزدان کنید همه پشت بربخت خندان کنید زبدها جهاندارتان یاربس مگویید زاندوه وشادی بکس نبودم بگیتی جزین نیز بهر سرآمد کنون رفتنی‌ام ز دهر یلان سینه راگفت یکسر سپاه سپردم تو رابخت بیدارخواه نگه کن بدین خواهرپاک تن زگیتی بس اومرتو رارای زن مباشید یک تن زدیگر جدا جدایی مبادا میان شما برین بوم دشمن ممانید دیر که رفتیم وگشتیم ازگاه سیر همه یکسره پیش خسرو شوید بگویید و گفتار او بشنوید گر آموزش آید شما راز شاه جز او رامخوانید خورشید و ماه مرا دخمه در شهرایران کنید بری کاخ بهرام ویران کنید بسی رنج دیدم ز خاقان چین ندیدم که یک روز کرد آفرین نه این بود زان رنج پاداش من که دیوی فرستد بپرخاش من ولیکن همانا که او این سخن اگر بشنود سر نداند ز بن نبود این جز از کار ایرانیان همی دیو بد رهنمون درمیان بفرمود پس تا بیامد دبیر نویسد یکی نامه‌یی بر حریر بگوید بخاقان که بهرام رفت به زاری و خواری و بی‌کام رفت تو این ماندگان راز من یاددار ز رنج و بد دشمن آزاد دار که من با تو هرگز نکردم بدی همی راستی جستم و بخردی بسی پندها خواند بر خواهرش ببر در گرفت آن گرامی سرش دهن بر بنا گوش خواهر نهاد دو چشمش پر از خون شد و جان بداد برو هر کسی زار بگریستند به درد دل اندر همی‌زیستند همی خون خروشید خواهر ز درد سخنهای او یک به یک یاد کرد ز تیمار او شد دلش به دونیم یکی تنگ تابوت کردش ز سیم به دیبا بیاراست جنگی تنش قصب کرد در زیر پیراهنش همی‌ریخت کافور گرد اندرش بدین گونه برتا نهان شد سرش چنین است کار سرای سپنج چودانی که ایدر نمانی مرنج

"Disaster has come upon this great house. We have all become sheep, and the enemy wolves."

When the wounded man heard her words and saw the clarity of her heart and mind — his cheeks torn by his own nails, his hair ripped out, his heart full of blood, his face streaming — he opened his mouth weakly and with grief:

"O pure and noble sister, there was nothing lacking in your counsel. But for me the measure was already full. Your advice never took hold in me. At every turn a demon blocked my way. There was no king greater than Jamshid — the world lived in fear and hope of him — yet he fell to the whispering of demons and brought darkness upon himself. So too the wakeful Kay Kavus, the fortunate lord of the world, was destroyed by the words of a foul demon — you have heard the evils that befell him. He flew to the sky so the turning sphere might show him the scattering of moon and sun. Demons led me astray as well and cut me short of goodness.

"I repent of every evil I have done. If God forgives, it is fitting. Fate was written this way upon my head. How can I now swallow the grief of old deeds? The water has risen above my crown. Grief and joy have all become wind. What was written was written, and what was, was. Writing neither diminishes nor ever increases.

"Your counsel is my legacy. Your words are earrings I will wear. The time of justice and injustice is finished now. Do not remind me again of your warnings. Turn your faces toward God, all of you. Set your backs against laughing fortune. Let the Lord of the world be your help against evils. Speak to no one of sorrow or joy. I had no other portion in this world. My time is done — I am leaving this life."

To Yalan Sineh he said: "I entrust the entire army to you. May watchful fortune be your guide. Look after this pure-bodied sister of mine — in all the world, let her be your counselor. Do not be separated from one another, not one of you. May there be no division among you. Do not linger long in enemy territory, for we are finished and have had our fill of the throne. Go together before Khosrow, speak to him and hear his words. If guidance comes to you from the king, call no one else sun and moon but him. Build my tomb in the cities of Iran. Tear down the palace of Bahram to nothing.

"I endured much hardship for the Khaqan of China, yet not once did he show gratitude. This was not the reward I deserved for that suffering — that he should send a demon to attack me. But surely if he hears of this, he will not know head from tail. This was nothing but the work of Iranians. A demon was the guide in their midst."

Then he commanded a scribe to come and write a letter on silk, telling the Khaqan: "Bahram is gone. He departed in misery, in humiliation, and unfulfilled. Remember these survivors for my sake. Keep them free from hardship and the malice of enemies. I never did you any wrong — I sought only honesty and wisdom."

He gave his sister much counsel, then took that precious head in his arms. He pressed his lips to the base of her ear. His two eyes filled with blood, and he gave up his soul.

Everyone wept bitterly over him. They lived on in the agony of their hearts. His sister cried out blood from grief and remembered his words one by one. Her heart split in two from sorrow. She had a narrow coffin made of silver, adorned his warrior's body in brocade, and placed fine linen beneath his shirt. She scattered camphor dust around him until his head was hidden from sight.

Such is the way of this transient inn. When you know you will not remain, do not torment yourself.

Notes

1personبهرامBahram

Bahram Chobin (Bahram VI), the Sasanian general and rebel king, dying from an assassin's wound. His deathbed speech is a classic confession — comparing himself to Jamshid and Kay Kavus, legendary kings ruined by demonic pride.

2personگردیهGordiyeh

Gordiyeh (گردیه), Bahram's sister, who has been his closest advisor and will become the central figure of the remaining narrative.

3personیلان سینهYalan Sineh

Yalan Sineh (یلان سینه), Bahram's trusted military commander, to whom Bahram entrusts the army and the care of his sister.

4context

Bahram's invocation of Jamshid and Kay Kavus is devastatingly apt — both were great kings destroyed by hubris. Jamshid claimed divinity and lost his farr (royal glory); Kay Kavus tried to fly to heaven on an eagle-borne throne. Bahram places himself in the same lineage of overreach.

5translation

'The water has risen above my crown' (ز تارک کنون آب برتر گذشت) — a Persian idiom meaning the situation is beyond rescue, equivalent to 'in over my head.'

سوگ خاقان و شادی خسرو

The Khaqan's Grief and Khosrow's Celebration

چو بشنید خاقان که بهرام را چه آمد بروی از پی نام را چوآن نامه نزدیک خاقان رسید شد از درد گریان هران کان شنید از آن آگهی شد دلش پر ز درد دو دیده پر از خون و رخ لاژورد ازان کار او در شگفتی بماند جهاندیدگان را همه پیش خواند بگفت آنک بهرام یل را رسید بشد زار و گریان هران کوشنید همه چین برو زار و گریان شدند ابی آتش تیز بریان شدند یکایک همه کار او را بساخت نگه کرد کاین بدبریشان که تاخت قلون را به توران دو فرزند بود ز هر گونه‌یی خویش و پیوند بود چو دانسته شد آتشی بر فروخت سرای و همه بر زن او بسوخت دو فرزند او را بر آتش نهاد همه چیز او را به تاراج داد ازان پس چو نوبت به خاتون رسید ز پرده به گیسوش بیرون کشید به ایوان کشید آن همه گنج اوی نکرد ایچ یاد از در رنج اوی فرستاد هرسو هیونان مست نیامدش خراد بر زین بدست همه هرچ در چین و را بنده بود به پوشیدشان جامه‌های کبود بیک چند با سوک بهرام بود که خاقان ازان کار بدنام بود چوخراد بر زین به خسرو رسید بگفت آن کجا کرد و دید و شنید دل شاه پرویز ازان شاد شد کزان بد گهر دشمن آزاد شد به درویش بخشید چندی درم ز پوشیدنیها و از بیش وکم بهر پادشاهی و خودکامه‌یی نوشتند بر پهلوی نامه‌یی که دارای دارنده یزدان چه کرد ز دشمن چگونه برآورد گرد به قیصر یکی نامه بنوشت شاه چناچون بود درخور پیشگاه به یک هفته مجلس بیاراستند بهر بر زنی رود و می‌خواستند به آتشکده هم فرستاد چیز بران موبدان خلعت افگند نیز بخراد برزین چنین گفت شاه که زیبد تو راگر دهم تاج و گاه دهانش پر از گوهر شاهوار بیاگند و دینار چون سد هزار همی‌ریخت گنجور در پای اوی برین گونه تا تنگ شد جای اوی بدو گفت هرکس که پیچد ز راه شود روز روشن برو بر سیاه چو بهرام باشد به دشت نبرد کزو ترک پیرش برآورد گرد همه موبدان خواندند آفرین که بی تو مبیناد کهتر زمین چو بهرام باد آنک با مهر تو نخواهد که رخشان بود چهر تو

When the Khaqan heard what had befallen Bahram in pursuit of glory — when that letter reached him — all who heard it wept with grief. The news filled his heart with anguish. His eyes filled with blood, his face turned the color of lapis. He was struck dumb by the affair. He summoned every man of experience and told them what had happened to Bahram the champion. All who heard it wept bitterly. All China grieved for him — they burned without fire.

Then, one by one, the Khaqan set the accounts right. He looked to see who had unleashed this evil. Qalun had two children in Turan and kinsmen of every kind. When the truth was established, the Khaqan lit a fire. He burned Qalun's house and everything in it. He put Qalun's two children on the fire and gave all his possessions to plunder. When the turn came to the Khatun, he dragged her out from behind the curtain by her hair. He seized all her treasury and gave no thought to her suffering. He sent swift camels in every direction, but Kherad Barzin did not fall into his hands. Everyone in China who had served Qalun was dressed in blue garments of mourning.

For some time the Khaqan remained in mourning for Bahram, for the affair had brought him disgrace.

When Kherad Barzin reached Khosrow and told him everything he had done, seen, and heard, the heart of King Parviz was filled with joy — he was freed from that base-born enemy. He distributed silver among the poor, along with garments and goods of every kind. To every province and court, letters were written in Pahlavi announcing what God the Sustainer had done and how He had raised dust from the enemy.

The king wrote a letter to the Caesar, as befitted the throne. For an entire week they held banquets, calling for music and wine at every gathering. He sent gifts to the fire temple and bestowed robes of honor upon the Magi as well.

To Kherad Barzin the king said: "You deserve the crown and the throne itself." He filled his mouth with royal jewels and poured out a hundred thousand gold coins. The treasurer heaped treasure at his feet until there was scarcely room to stand. Everyone said: "Whoever strays from the path — his bright day turns black upon him. Such was Bahram on the field of battle, yet an old Turk brought him to ruin."

All the Magi called down blessings: "May the lowly never see the earth without you! May the fate of Bahram befall any man who does not desire your face to shine."

Notes

1personقلونQalun

Qalun (قلون), the old Turk whom Kherad Barzin recruited as his agent in the plot to assassinate Bahram. The Khaqan's vengeance against Qalun's entire family — burning his children alive — is characteristically brutal.

2personخراد برزینKherad Barzin

Kherad Barzin (خراد برزین), the Iranian diplomat who engineered Bahram's assassination. He escapes the Khaqan's retribution and returns to Khosrow as a hero.

3personخاتونKhatun

The Khatun — the Khaqan's wife, punished for her role (or perceived complicity) in the assassination plot. Dragged out by her hair and stripped of her treasure.

4context

The contrast is stark: the Khaqan burns children and drags women by their hair in grief-stricken rage, while Khosrow throws week-long parties. Ferdowsi leaves the moral calculus to the reader.

5translation

Blue garments (جامه‌های کبود) — the color of mourning in Persian tradition, equivalent to Western black.

پیام خاقان به گردیه و پاسخ او

The Khaqan's Marriage Proposal and Gordiyeh's Refusal

ازآن پس چو خاقان به پردخت دل ز خون شد همه کشور چین چوگل چنین گفت یک روز کز مرد سست نیاید مرگ کار نا تندرست بدان نامداری که بهرام بود مر ازو همه رامش و کام بود کنون من ز کسهای آن نامدار چرا بازماندم چنین سست و خوار نکوهش کند هرک این بشنود ازین پس به سوگند من نگرود نخوردم غم خرد فرزند اوی نه اندیشه‌ی خویش و پیوند اوی چو با ما به فرزند پیوسته شد به مهر و خرد جان او شسته شد بفرمود تا شد برادرش پیش سخن گفت با او زا ندازه بیش که کسهای بهرام یل را ببین فراوان برایشان بخواند آفرین بگو آنک من خود جگر خسته‌ام بدین سوک تا زنده‌ام بسته‌ام به خون روی کشور بشستم ز کین همه شهر نفرین بدو آفرین بدین درد هر چند کین آورم وگر آسمان بر زمین آورم ز فرمان یزدان کسی نگذرد چنین داند آنکس که دارد خرد که او را زمانه بران گونه بود همه تنبل دیو وارونه بود بران زینهارم که گفتم سخن بران عهد و پیمان نهادیم بن سوی گردیه نامه‌یی بد جدا که ای پاکدامن زن پارسا همه راستی و همه مردمی سرشتت فزونی و دور از کمی ز کار تو اندیشه کردم دراز نشسته خرد با دل من براز به از تو ندیدم کسی کدخدای بیار ای ایوان ما را برای بدارم تو را همچوجان و تنم بکوشم که پیمان تو نشکنم وزان پس بدین شهر فرمان تو راست گروگان کنم دل بدانچت هواست کنون هرکه داری همه گرد کن به پیش خردمند گوی این سخن ازین پس ببین تاچه آیدت رای به روشن روانت خرد رهنمای خرد را بران مردمان شاه کن مرا زآن سگالیده آگاه کن همی‌رفت برسان قمری ز سرو بیامد برادرش تازان به مرو جهانجوی با نامور رام شد به نزدیک کسهای بهرام شد بگفت آنچ خاقان بدو گفته بود که از کین آن کشته آشفته بود ازان پس چنین گفت کای بخردان پسندیده و کار دیده ردان شما را بدین مزد بسیار باد ورا داور دادگر یار باد یکی ناگهان مرگ بود آن نه خرد که کس در جهان ز آن گمانی نبرد پس آن نامه پنهان به خواهرش داد سخنهای خاقان همه کرد یاد ز پیوند وز پند و نیکوسخن چه از نو چه از روزگار کهن ز پاکی و از پارسایی زن که هم غمگسارست و هم رای زن جوان گفت و آن پاکدامن شنید ز گفتار او خامشی برگزید وزان پس چو برخواند آن نامه را سخنهای خاقان خود کامه را خرد را چو با دانش انباز کرد به دل پاسخ نامه را ساز کرد بدو گفت کاین نامه برخواندم خرد رابر خویش بنشاندم چنان کرد خاقان که شاهان کنند جهاندیده و پیشگاهان کنند بد و باد روشن جهان بین من که چونین بجوید همی کین من دل او ز تیمار خسته مباد امید جهان زو گسسته مباد مباد ایچ گیتی ز خاقان تهی بدو شاد بادا کلاه مهی کنون چون نشستیم با یکدگر بخوانیم نامه همه سر به سر بدان کو بزرگست و دارد خرد یکایک بدین آرزو بنگرد کنون دوده را سر به سر شیونست نه هنگامه‌ی این سخن گفتنست چو سوک چنان مهتر آید به سر ز فرمان خاقان نباشد گذر مرا خود به ایران شدن روی نیست زن پاک رابه تو راز شوی نیست اگر من بدین زودی آیم به راه چه گوید مرا آن خردمند شاه خردمند بی‌شرم خواند مرا چو خاقان بی آزرم داند مرا بدین سوک چون بگذرد چار ماه سواری فرستم به نزدیک شاه همه بشنوم هرچ باید شنید بگویندگان تا چه آید پدید بگویم یکایک به نامه درون چو آید به نزدیک او رهنمون تو اکنون از ایدر به شادی خرام به خاقان بگو آنچ دادم پیام فراوان فرستاده را هدیه داد جهاندیده از مرو برگشت شاد

Afterward, once the Khaqan had emptied his heart and washed the land of China in blood like a red flower, he said one day: "Nothing of worth comes from a feeble man or a deed half-done. That famous warrior Bahram was the source of all our joy and fulfillment. Now why have I been so weak and slack toward his people? Anyone who hears of this will reproach me. No one will trust my oaths after this. I took no care of his young children, gave no thought to his kin and connections — though he was bound to us through his child, and his soul was cleansed by love and wisdom."

He summoned his brother and spoke to him at great length: "Go to Bahram's people. Call down abundant blessings upon them. Tell them I am wounded to the liver, that I am bound to this mourning as long as I live. I have washed the face of the land in blood for vengeance — the whole city witnessed both curses and blessings. In this grief, however much I seek revenge, even if I bring the sky crashing down to earth, no one escapes the command of God. This much the wise man knows: his fate was made that way — it was all the trickery of upside-down demons. My oath stands as I spoke it, and on that pledge and covenant we laid our foundation."

To Gordiyeh there was a separate letter: "O chaste and virtuous woman — all uprightness and humanity, your nature is abundance, far from any lack. I have thought long about your situation. Wisdom sat in counsel with my heart. I have found no one better than you to be the mistress of my house. Come — bring your judgment to our court. I will hold you as dear as my own body and soul. I will strive never to break my covenant with you. After that, this city is yours to command. I will pledge my heart as hostage to whatever you desire. Now gather everyone you have and speak these words before the wise. Then consider what course your judgment dictates — let wisdom guide your bright soul. Let wisdom rule over those people, and inform me of what is decided."

The envoy departed like a turtledove from a cypress. The Khaqan's brother came riding swiftly to Merv. He was welcomed by the notables and went among Bahram's people. He told them everything the Khaqan had said — that he was distraught with grief for the slain. Then he said: "O wise men, you esteemed and experienced lords — may your reward for this be great, and may the just Judge be his ally. It was a sudden death, not a purposeful one — no one in the world suspected it."

Then he gave the letter privately to Gordiyeh and recounted all the Khaqan's words — about the bond, the counsel, the fine speech, old and new — about the purity and virtue of a woman who is both a comfort and a counselor.

The young man spoke, and that chaste woman listened. She chose silence over his words. Then, when she had read the letter — the Khaqan's self-serving words — she paired wisdom with knowledge and composed a reply in her heart.

She said: "I have read this letter. I seated wisdom beside me. The Khaqan has acted as kings act, as the worldly-wise and the great act. May my world-seeing eye be bright, for he seeks my vengeance so. May his heart never be wounded by grief. May the world's hope never be cut from him. May the world never be empty of the Khaqan. May the crown of sovereignty rejoice in him.

"But now, since we sit together, let us read the letter through, start to finish, so that every man of greatness and wisdom may examine this proposal one by one. Right now, the whole clan is in lamentation. This is not the time for such talk. When the mourning of so great a lord has passed, there will be no refusing the Khaqan's command. I myself have no prospect of returning to Iran. A virtuous woman needs no husband better than you. But if I take to the road this quickly, what will that wise king say of me? The wise will call me shameless. The Khaqan will think me without modesty.

"When four months have passed in this mourning, I will send a rider to the king. I will hear everything that must be heard, and see what the speakers bring to light. I will set it all down in a letter, and when a guide comes to him, he will know.

"For now, depart from here in joy. Tell the Khaqan what I have said."

She gave the envoy many gifts. The worldly man rode away from Merv, well pleased.

Notes

1personبرادر خاقانthe Khaqan's brother

The Khaqan's brother, sent as envoy to Merv to deliver condolences and a marriage proposal to Gordiyeh.

2context

Gordiyeh's reply is a masterclass in diplomatic stalling. She praises the Khaqan lavishly, accepts nothing, commits to nothing, and buys herself four months — during which she plans to escape. Every sentence is calibrated to flatter without conceding.

3placeمروMerv

Merv (مرو), the great Central Asian city in modern Turkmenistan, where Bahram's surviving retinue is stationed.

گریز گردیه از توران و نبرد با تبرگ

Gordiyeh's Escape from Turan and the Battle with Taborg

وزان پس جوان و خردمند زن به آرام بنشست با رای زن چنین گفت کامد یکی نو سخن که جاوید بر دل نگردد کهن جهاندار خاقان بیاراستست سخنها ز هر گونه پیراستست ازو نیست آهو بزرگست شاه دلیر و خداوند توران سپاه ولیکن چو با ترک ایرانیان بکوشد که خویشی بود در میان ز پیوند وز بند آن روزگار غم و رنج بیند به فرجام کار نگر تا سیاوش از افراسیاب چه برخورد جز تابش آفتاب سر خویش داد از نخستین بباد جوانی که چون او ز مادر نزاد همان نیز پور سیاوش چه کرد ز توران و ایران برآورد گرد بسازید تا ما ز ترکان و نهان به ایران بریم این سخن ناگهان به گردوی من نامه یی کرده‌ام هم از پیش تیمار این خورده‌ام که بر شاه پیدا کند کار ما بگوید ز رنج و ز تیمار ما به نیروی یزدان چنو بشنود بدین چرب گفتار من بگرود بو گفت هرکس که بانو توی به ایران و چین پشت و بازو توی نجنباندت کوه آهن ز جای یلان را به مردی توی رهنمای زمرد خردمند بیدارتر ز دستور داننده هشیارتر همه کهترانیم و فرمان تو راست برین آرزو رای و پیمان تو راست چو بشنید زیشان عرض رابخواند درم داد و او را به دیوان نشاند بیامد سپه سر به سر بنگرید هزار و سد و شست یل برگزید کزان هر سواری بهنگام کار نبر گاشتندی سر از ده سوار درم داد و آمد سوی خانه باز چنین گفت با لشکر رزمساز که هرکس که دید او دوال رکیب نپیچد دل اندر فراز ونشیب نترسد ز انبوه مردم کشان گر از ابر باشد برو سرفشان به توران غریبیم و بی پشت و یار میان بزرگان چنین سست و خوار همی‌رفت خواهم چو تیره شود سر دشمن از خواب خیره شود شما دل به رفتن مدارید تنگ که از چینیان لشکر آید به جنگ که خود بی‌گمان از پس من سران بیایند با گرزهای گران همه جان یکایک به کف برنهید اگر لشکر آید دمید و دهید وگر بر چنین رویتان نیست رای از ایدر مجنبید یک تن زجای به آواز گفتند ما کهتریم ز رای و ز فرمان تو نگذریم برین برنهادند و برخاستند همه جنگ چین را بیاراستند یلان سینه و مهر و ایزد گشسپ نشستند با نامداران بر اسپ همی‌گفت هرکس که مردن به نام به از زنده و چینیان شادکام هم آنگه سوی کاروان برگذشت شترخواست تاپیش او شد ز دشت گزین کرد زان اشتران سه هزار بدان تا بنه برنهادند و بار چو شب تیره شد گردیه برنشست چو گردی سرافراز و گرزی بدست برافگند پر مایه بر گستوان ابا جوشن و تیغ و ترگ گوان همی‌راند چون باد لشکر به راه به رخشنده روز و شبان سیاه ز لشکر بسی زینهاری شدند به نزدیک خاقان به زاری شدند برادر بیامد به نزدیک اوی که ای نامور مهتر جنگ جوی سپاه دلاور به ایران کشید بسی زینهاری بر ما رسید ازین ننگ تا جاودان بر درت بخندد همی لشکر و کشورت سپهدار چین کان سخنها شنید شد از خشم رنگ رخش ناپدید بدو گفت بشتاب و برکش سپاه نگه کن که لشکر کجا شد به راه بریشان رسی هیچ تندی مکن نخستین فراز آر شیرین سخن ازیشان نداند کسی راه ما مگر بشکنی پشت بدخواه ما به خوبی سخن گوی و بنوازشان به مردانگی سر بر افرازشان وگر هیچ سازد کسی با تو جنگ تو مردی کن و دور باش از درنگ ازیشان یکی گورستان کن به مرو که گردد زمین همچو پر تذرو بیامد سپهدار با شش هزار گزیده ز ترکان جنگی سوار به روز چهارم بریشان رسید زن شیر دل چون سپه را بدید ازیشان به دل بر نکرد ایچ یاد زلشکر سوی ساربان شد چوباد یکایک بنه از پس پشت کرد بیامد نگه کرد جای نبرد سلیح برادر به پوشید زن نشست از بر باره گام زن دو لشکر برابر کشیدند صف همه جانها برنهاده به کف به پیش سپاه اندر آمد تبرگ که خاقان ورا خواندی پیر گرگ به ایرانیان گفت کان پاک زن مگر نیست با این بزرگ انجمن بشد گردیه با سلیح گران میان بسته برسان جنگاوران دلاور تبرگش ندانست باز بزد پاشنه شد بر او فراز چنین گفت کان خواهرکشته شاه کجا جویمش در میان سپاه که با او مرا هست چندی سخن چه از نو چه از روزگار کهن بدو گردیه گفت اینک منم که بر شیر درنده اسپ افگنم چو بشنید آواز او را تبرگ بران اسپ جنگی چو شیر سترگ شگفت آمدش گفت خاقان چین تو را کرد زین پادشاهی گزین بدان تا تو باشی و را یادگار ز بهرام شیر آن گزیده سوار همی‌گفت پاداش آن نیکوی بجای آورم چون سخن بشنوی مرا گفت بشتاب و او را بگوی که گرز آنک گفتم ندیدی تو روی چنان ان که این خود نگفتم ز بن مگر نیز باز آمدم زان سخن ازین مرز رفتن مرا روی نیست مکن آرزو گر تو را شوی نیست سخنها برین گونه پیوند کن ورگ پند نپذیردت بند کن همان را که او را بدان داشتست سخنها ز اندازه بگذاشتست بدو گردیه گفت کز رزمگاه به یکسو شویم از میان سپاه سخن هرچ گفتی تو پاسخ دهم تو را اندرین رای فرخ نهم ز پیش سپاه اندر آمد تبرگ بیامد بر نامدار سترگ چو تنها به دیدش زن چاره جوی از آن مغفر تیره بگشاد روی بدو گفت بهرام را دیده‌ای سواری و رزمش پسندیده ای مرا بود هم مادر و هم پدر کنون روزگار وی آمد به سر کنون من تو را آزمایش کنم یکی سوی رزمت نمایش کنم اگر از در شوی یابی بگوی همانا مرا خود پسندست شوی بگفت این وزان پس برانگیخت اسپ پس او همی‌تاخت ایزد گشسپ یکی نیزه زد بر کمربند اوی که بگسست خفتان و پیوند اوی یلان سینه با آن گزیده سپاه برانگیخت اسپ اندر آن رزمگاه همه لشکر چین بهم بر شکست بس کشت و افگند و چندی بخست دو فرسنگ لشکر همی‌شد ز پس بر اسپان نماندند بسیار کس سراسر همه دشت شد رود خون یکی بی‌سر و دیگری سرنگون چو پیروز شد سوی ایران کشید بر شهریار دلیران کشید به روز چهارم به آموی شد ندیدی زنی کو جهانجوی شد به آموی یک چند بنشست و بود به دلش اندرون داوریها فزود

Afterward, the young woman sat in council with her wise advisors. She said: "A new matter has arisen that will never grow old upon the heart. The Khaqan has dressed himself up and adorned his words in every fashion. There is nothing wrong with him — he is a great king, bold, master of the army of Turan. But when Iranians try to bind themselves in kinship with Turks, the bonds of those days bring only grief and suffering in the end.

"Consider what Siyavash gained from Afrasiyab — nothing but the burning of the sun. He threw his own head away for nothing — a young man the likes of whom no mother ever bore. And what did the son of Siyavash do? He raised dust from both Turan and Iran.

"Make ready. We will leave the Turks secretly and carry this business to Iran without warning. I have already written a letter to Gorduy, and have taken care of this matter in advance — so that he can make our situation clear to the king and speak of our hardship and our grief. By the power of God, when the king hears this, he will believe my smooth words."

Everyone said: "You are our lady. In Iran and China you are the backbone and the arm. An iron mountain cannot move you from your place. You are the guide of champions in courage — wiser than any wise man, more alert than any knowing counselor. We are all your subordinates. Your command stands. In this desire, the plan and the covenant are yours."

When she heard them, she called the paymaster, gave him silver, and seated him at the registry. She came and reviewed the army from end to end. She selected one thousand three hundred and sixty warriors — each horseman worth ten on the field of battle. She paid them and returned home.

She told the battle-ready army: "Every man who has known the leather of the stirrup, whose heart does not flinch on hills or in valleys, who does not fear a horde of killers even if clouds rain arrows upon him — we are strangers in Turan, without support or allies, feeble and despised among the great. I intend to ride when darkness falls and the enemy's head grows dull with sleep. Do not let your hearts be troubled about the march, for the Chinese will send an army after us. Commanders will certainly come behind me with heavy maces. Set your lives in your palms, every one of you. If an army comes, stand and fight. But if this is not your will, do not stir a single man from this place."

They answered in one voice: "We are your servants. We will not stray from your command."

On this they agreed and rose. They armed themselves for war with China. Yalan Sineh, Mehr, and Izadgoshasp mounted with the other notables. Everyone was saying: "Better to die with a name than to live while the Chinese gloat."

Gordiyeh went at once to the caravan, requisitioned camels from the desert, and chose three thousand to carry the baggage and supplies. When night fell dark, Gordiyeh mounted — proud as a warrior, mace in hand. She threw on a precious horse-armor, with chainmail, sword, and warrior's helm. She drove the army along the road like wind, through shining days and black nights.

Many from the army deserted and went weeping to the Khaqan. His brother came before him: "O famed and warlike lord! The brave army has marched for Iran. Many deserters have come to us. This shame will be laughed at forever by your army and your realm."

The commander of China heard these words, and the color drained from his face with rage. He told his brother: "Ride fast and muster the army. Find where they have gone. When you reach them, do nothing harsh at first. Begin with gentle words. None of them knows our roads — perhaps you can break the backs of our enemies. Speak well and soothe them. Lift their heads with honor. But if anyone makes war with you, fight like a man and do not hesitate. Make a graveyard of them at Merv, so the earth becomes like a pheasant's wing."

The commander rode out with six thousand picked Turkic cavalry. On the fourth day he overtook them. The lionhearted woman, when she saw the army, gave it not a moment's thought. She rode like wind from her troops to the camel-drivers, placed the baggage train behind them, then came back and surveyed the field of battle. She put on her brother's armor and mounted his war-horse.

The two armies drew up their lines face to face, every soul holding life in the palm of the hand. At the front of the Turkic army came Taborg — the one the Khaqan called the Old Wolf. He called out to the Iranians: "Is that chaste woman not with this great company?"

Gordiyeh rode out in heavy armor, belted like a warrior. The brave Taborg did not recognize her. He spurred forward and said: "Where in this army shall I find the sister of the slain king? I have many things to say to her — some new, some from older days."

Gordiyeh said: "Here I am — the one who spurs her horse upon the ravening lion."

When Taborg heard her voice — there on that war-horse, huge as a mighty lion — he was astonished. He said: "The Khaqan of China chose you for this sovereignty so that you might be his memorial of Bahram the Lion, that chosen horseman. He says: 'I will repay that kindness, if she will only listen.' He told me to ride fast and tell you: 'Even if you have not seen the face of what I promised — consider that I never said it at all, or that I have now withdrawn from it. You cannot leave this land. Do not desire it, even if you have no husband. Weave words together in this fashion. And if she does not accept counsel — use force.' He kept her under those promises, but his words went beyond measure."

Gordiyeh said: "Let us step aside from the battlefield, away from the two armies. I will answer everything you have said and give you my fortunate counsel."

Taborg rode out from the front of his army and came toward the fearsome woman. When she saw him alone, the resourceful woman opened her face from the dark helm.

She said: "You have seen Bahram. You admired his horsemanship and his fighting. He was both mother and father to me. Now his time has come to its end. So now I will put you to the test — let me show you something of battle. If you prove worthy as a husband, tell me — for in truth I do desire a husband."

She said this and spurred her horse. Behind her Izadgoshasp came charging. She drove a lance into Taborg's waist-belt that ripped through his armor and his body. Yalan Sineh and the chosen troops spurred into the battle. They shattered the entire Chinese army, killing and throwing down and wounding. For two leagues the army pursued them. Few remained on their horses. The whole plain became a river of blood — one man headless, another flung upside down.

Victorious, she marched toward Iran, toward the court of the king of warriors. On the fourth day she reached Amuy. You have never seen a woman who became a conqueror of the world. At Amuy she rested for a time, though conflicts multiplied in her heart.

Notes

1personتبرگTaborg

Taborg (تبرگ), the Khaqan's general, nicknamed 'the Old Wolf' (پیر گرگ). He is sent to bring Gordiyeh back — by persuasion or force. She kills him personally.

2personایزد گشسپIzadgoshasp

Izadgoshasp (ایزد گشسپ), one of Bahram's Iranian officers who follows Gordiyeh. He charges behind her in the killing of Taborg.

3context

Gordiyeh's invocation of Siyavash — the Iranian prince murdered by his Turanian father-in-law Afrasiyab — is the decisive argument. Iranian-Turkic marriages end in blood. This is Ferdowsi's deepest structural theme.

4placeآمویAmuy

Amuy (آموی), the crossing-point on the Oxus River (modern Turkmenabat, Turkmenistan), marking the border between Turan and Iran.

5context

Gordiyeh's killing of Taborg follows a devastating seduction-and-strike pattern: she asks to speak privately, opens her face, teases him about being a worthy husband, then drives a lance through him. The line 'if you prove worthy as a husband, tell me' is the deadliest flirtation in the Shahnameh.

کشتن بندوی و شورش گستهم

The Murder of Banduy and the Rebellion of Gostahm

یکی نامه سوی برادر بدرد نوشت و زهر کارش آگاه کرد نخستین سخن گفت بهرام گرد به تیمار و درد برادر بمرد تو را و مرا مزد بسیار باد روان وی از ما بی‌آزار باد دگر گفت با شهریار بلند بگوی آنچ از من شنیدی ز پند پس ما بیامد سپاهی گران همه نامداران جنگاوران برآن گونه برگاشتمشان ز رزم که نه رزم بینند زان پس نه بزم بسی نامور مهتران با منند نبادی که آید بریشان گزند نشستم به آموی تا پاسخم بیارد مگر اختر فرخم ازآن پس به آرام بنشست شاه چو برخاست بهرام جنگی ز راه ندید از بزرگان کسی کینه جوی که با او بروی اندر آورد روی به دستور پاکیزه یک روز گفت که اندیشه تا کی بود در نهفت کشنده‌ی پدر هر زمان پیش من همی‌بگذرد چون بود خویش من چوروشن روانم پر از خون بود همی پادشاهی کنم چون بود نهادند خوان و می چند خورد هم آن روز بندوی رابند کرد ازان پس چنین گفت با رهنما که او را هم‌اکنون ببردست وپا بریدند هم در زمان او بمرد پر از خون روانش به خسرو سپرد وزان پس بسوی خراسان کسی گسی کرد و اندرز دادش بسی بدو گفت با کس مجنبان زبان از ایدر برو تا در مرزبان به گستهم گو ایچ گونه مپا چو این نامه من بخوانی بیا فرستاده چون در خراسان رسید به درگاه مرد تن آسان رسید بگفت آنچ فرمان پرویز بود که شاه جوان بود و خونریز بود چو گستهم بشنید لشکر براند پراگنده لشکر همه باز خواند چنین تا به شهر بزرگان رسید ز ساری و آمل به گرگان رسید شنید آنک شد شاه ایران درشت برادرش را او به مستی بکشت چوبشنید دستش به دندان بکند فرود آمد از پشت اسپ سمند همه جامه‌ی پهلوی کرد چاک خروشان به سر بر همی‌ریخت خاک بدانست کو را جهاندار شاه به کین پدر کرد خواهد تباه خروشان ازان جایگه بازگشت تو گفتی که با باد انباز گشت سپاه پراگنده کرد انجمن همی‌تاخت تا بیشه نارون چو نزدیکی کوه آمل رسید سپه را بدان بیشه اندر کشید همی‌برد بر هر سوی تاختن بدان تاختن بود کین آختن به هر سو که بیکار مردم بدند به نانی همی بنده‌ی او شدند به جایی کجا لشکر شاه بود که گستهم زان لشکر آگاه بود همی بر سرانشان فرود آمدی سپه رایکایک بهم برزدی

Gordiyeh wrote a letter to her brother Gorduy, in pain, informing him of everything. First she spoke of Bahram the warrior — that he had died in grief and sorrow for his brother. "May our reward be great, and may his soul be untroubled by us."

Then she said: "Tell the exalted king what you have heard from me as counsel. A great army came after us — all of them famous warriors. I turned them from battle in such a manner that they will see neither war nor feasting again. Many renowned lords are with me. May no harm come to them. I have settled at Amuy and wait for my answer — perhaps my fortunate star will bring it."

After that, the king sat at ease, for Bahram the warrior had been removed from his path. He saw no one among the great men who was a vengeful rival willing to confront him.

One day he said to his trusted counselor: "How long must this thought remain hidden? The killer of my father passes before me constantly, as though he were my own kinsman. When my bright soul is full of blood, how can I go on ruling?"

They laid the table and he drank several cups of wine. That same day he had Banduy clapped in chains. Then he said to his executioner: "Cut off his hands and feet — now." They cut them off. Banduy died on the spot and yielded his blood-soaked soul to Khosrow.

Afterward, the king sent a messenger to Khorasan with many instructions. He told him: "Do not breathe a word to anyone. Go from here to the governor's gate. Tell Gostahm: 'Do not delay in any way. When you read this letter of mine, come at once.'"

The messenger reached Khorasan and arrived at the court of that comfortable man. He delivered what Parviz had commanded — for the young king was a man of blood.

When Gostahm heard, he mustered his army and recalled his scattered troops. He marched until he reached the city of the great men, passing from Sari and Amol to Gorgan. There he learned that the king of Iran had grown brutal — that he had murdered his own uncle while drunk.

When he heard this, he bit his hand. He dismounted from his dun horse. He tore his Pahlavi robes apart and poured dust upon his head, wailing. He knew that the king intended to destroy him next, in vengeance for his father.

He turned back from that place, roaring — you would say he had become a partner of the wind. He gathered his scattered forces into an army and rode hard to the forest of Narun. When he reached the slopes near Amol, he drew his army into the forest. He launched raids in every direction — those raids were the drawing of vengeance. Wherever idle men could be found, they became his servants for a loaf of bread. Wherever the king's army was stationed — and Gostahm knew those armies well — he would fall upon their commanders and scatter the troops one by one.

Notes

1personبندویBanduy

Banduy (بندوی), Khosrow's maternal uncle, who had helped him seize the throne but was also implicated in the murder of Khosrow's father Hormozd IV. Khosrow has him dismembered.

2personگستهمGostahm

Gostahm (گستهم), Banduy's brother and Khosrow's other uncle, governor of Khorasan. Learning of Banduy's murder, he immediately rebels rather than walk into the same trap.

3personگردویGorduy

Gorduy (گردوی), Gordiyeh's brother and a courtier close to Khosrow, who serves as intermediary between his sister and the king.

4context

Khosrow's murder of Banduy — hands and feet severed, done while drunk, on the same day as deciding — is presented with chilling matter-of-factness. Ferdowsi marks the turn from justified king to tyrant. The phrase 'the young king was a man of blood' (شاه جوان بود و خونریز بود) is the narrator's own verdict.

5placeبیشه نارون / آملNarun / Amol

The forest of Narun near Amol, in the Alborz mountain foothills of northern Iran (modern Mazandaran). Dense forest terrain ideal for guerrilla warfare — Gostahm's natural stronghold.

توطئه‌ی خسرو بر ضد گستهم از طریق گردیه

Khosrow's Plot Against Gostahm Through Gordiyeh

وزان پس چو گردوی شد نزد شاه بگفت آن کجا خواهرش با سپاه بدان مرزبانان خاقان چه کرد که در مرو زیشان برآورد گرد وزان روی گستهم بشنید نیز که بهرام یل را پر آمد قفیز همان گردیه با سپاه بزرگ برفت از بر نامدار سترگ پس او سپاهی بیامد بکین چه کرد او بدان نامداران چین پذیره شدن را سپه برنشاند ازان جایگه نیز لشکر براند چو آگاه شد گردیه رفت پیش از آموی با نامدران خویش چو گستهم دید آن سپه را ز راه بر انگیخت اسپ از میان سپاه بیامد بر گردیه پر ز درد فراوان ز بهرام تیمار خورد همان درد بندوی او رابگفت همی به آستین خون مژگان برفت یلان سینه را دید و ایزد گشسپ فرود آمد از دور گریان زاسپ بگفت آنک بندوی را شهریار تبه کرد و بد شد مرا روزگار تو گفتی نه از خواهرش زاده بود نه از بهر او تن به خون داده بود به تارک مر او را روا داشتی روان پیش خاکش فدا داشتی نخستین ز تن دست و پایش برید بران سان که از گوهر او سزید شما را بدو چیست اکنون امید کجا همچو هنگام با دست و بید ابا همگنانتان بتر زان کند به شهر اندرون گوشت ارزان کند چو از دور بیند یلان سینه را بر آشوبد و نو کند کینه را که سالار بودی تو بهرام را ازو یافتی در جهان کام را ازو هرکه داندش پرهیز به گلوی و را خنجر تیز به گر ای دون که باشید با من بهم ز نیم اندرین رای بر بیش و کم پذیرفت ازو هر که بشنید پند همی‌جست هر کس ز راه گزند زبان تیز با گردیه بر گشاد همی‌کرد کردار بهرام یاد ز گفتار او گردیه گشت سست شداندیشه‌ها بر دلش بر درست ببودند یکسر به نزدیک اوی درخشان شد آن رای تاریک اوی یلان سینه راگفت کاین زن بشوی چه گوید بجوید بدین آب روی چنین داد پاسخ که تا گویمش به گفتار بسیار دل جویمش یلان سینه با گردیه گفت زن به گیتی تو را دیده‌ام رای زن ز خاقان کرانه گزیدی سزید که رای تو آزادگان را گزید چه گویی ز گستهم یل خال شاه توانگر سپهبد یلی با سپاه بدو گفت شویی کز ایران بود ازو تخمه‌ی ما نه ویران بود یلان سینه او را بگستهم داد دلاور گوی بود فرخ نژاد همی‌داشتش چون یکی تازه سیب که اندر بلندی ندیدی نشیب سپاهی که از نزد خسرو شدی برو روزگار کهن نو شدی هر آنگه که دیدی شکست سپاه کمان را بر افراشتی تا به ماه چنین تا برآمد برین چندگاه ز گستهم پر درد شد جان شاه برآشفت روزی به گردوی گفت که گستهم با گردیه گشت جفت سوی او شدند آن بزرگ انجمن برانم که او بودشان رای زن از آمل کس آمد ز کارآگهان همه فاش کرد آنچ بودی نهان همی‌گفت زین گونه تا تیره گشت ز گفتار چشم یلان خیره گشت چو سازدندگان شمع ومی‌خواستند همه کاخ ا ورا بیاراستند ز بیگانه مردم بپردخت جای نشست از بر تخت با رهنمای همان نیز گردوی و خسرو بهم همی‌رفت از گردیه بیش و کم بدو گفت ز ایدر فراوان سپاه به آمل فرستاده‌ام کینه خواه همه خسته وکشته بازآمدند پرازناله وبا گداز آمدند کنون اندرین رای ما را یکیست که از رای ما تاج و تخت اندکیست چو بهرام چوبینه گم کرد راه همیشه بدی گردیه نیک خواه کنون چاره‌یی هست نزدیک من مگو این سخن بر سر انجمن سوی گردیه نامه باید نوشت چو جویی پر از می بباغ بهشت چو جویی پر از می بباغ بهشت که با تو همی دوستداری کنم بهر جای و هر کار یاری کنم برآمد برین روزگاری دراز زبان بر دلم هیچ نگشاد راز کنون روزگار سخن گفتن است که گردوی ما رابجای تنست نگر تا چگونه کنی چاره‌یی کزان گم شود زشت پتیاره‌یی که گستهم را زیر سنگ‌آوری دل وخانه‌ی ما به چنگ آوری چو این کرده باشی سپاه تو را همان در جهان نیک خواه تو را مر آن را که خواهی دهم کشوری بگردد بر آن کشور اندر سری توآیی به مشکوی زرین من سرآورده باشی همه کین من برین برخورم سخت سوگند نیز فزایم برین بندها بند نیز اگر پیچم این دل ز سوگند من مبادا ز من شاد پیوند من بدو گفت گردوی نوشه بدی چو ناهید در برج خوشه بدی تو دانی که من جان و فرزند خویش برو بوم آباد و پیوند خویش بجای سر تو ندارم به چیز گرین چیزها ارجمندست نیز بدین کس فرستم به نزدیک اوی درفشان کنم جان تاریک اوی یکی رقعه خواهم برو مهر شاه همان خط او چون درخشنده ماه به خواره فرستم زن خویش را کنم دور زین در بد اندیش را که چونین سخن نیست جز کارزن به ویژه زنی کو بود رای زن برین نیز هر چون همی‌بنگرم پیام تو باید بر خواهرم بر آید بکام تو این کار زود برین بیش و کم بر نباید فزود چو بشنید خسرو بران شاد شد همه رنجها بر دلش باد شد هم آنگه ز گنجور قرطاس خواست ز مشک سیه سوده انقاس خواست یکی نامه بنوشت چون بوستان گل بوستان چون رخ دوستان پر از عهد و پیوند و سوگندها ز هر گونه‌یی لابد و پندها چو برگشت عنوان آن نامه خشک نهادند مهری برو بر ز مشک نگینی برو نام پرویز شاه نهادند بر مهر مشک سیاه یکی نامه بنوشت گردوی نیز بگفت اندرو پند و بسیار چیز سرنامه گفت آنک بهرام کرد همه دوده و بوم بدنام کرد که بخشایش آراد یزدان بروی مبادا پشیمان ازان گفت وگوی هرآنکس که جانش ندارد خرد کم و بیشی کارها ننگرد گر او رفت ما از پس اورویم بداد خدای جهان بگرویم چو جفت من آید به نزدیک تو درخشان کند جان تاریک تو ز گفتار او هیچ گونه مگرد چو گردی شود بخت را روی زرد

When Gorduy went to the king, he told him what his sister had done with the army — what she had done to the Khaqan's governors, how she had raised dust from them at Merv. Meanwhile, Gostahm too had heard that Bahram the champion's measure was full — and that Gordiyeh had marched from that great lord's domain with a large army, and that a pursuing force had come after her in vengeance, and what she had done to those Chinese notables.

Gostahm mounted his army to go meet her and marched from his position. When Gordiyeh learned of it, she rode ahead from Amuy with her notables. When Gostahm saw that army on the road, he spurred from the midst of his forces and came to Gordiyeh, full of grief. He mourned Bahram at great length. Then he told her the agony of Banduy — wiping the blood from his eyelashes with his sleeve.

When he saw Yalan Sineh and Izadgoshasp, he dismounted from a distance, weeping. He said: "The king destroyed Banduy, and my days have turned dark. You would think Banduy was not born of the king's own sister, that he had not given his body and blood for Khosrow's sake. You would have held him upon your head in honor. You would have sacrificed your soul before his dust. But first the king cut off his hands and feet — in the fashion his noble birth deserved.

"What hope do you have in Khosrow now? Where is the time of safety and shelter? He will do worse to all of you. He will make flesh cheap in the cities. The moment he sees Yalan Sineh from a distance, he will fly into a rage and renew his vengeance — because you were Bahram's commander, and through him you found your place in the world. For anyone Khosrow knows, avoidance is best. A sharp dagger at the throat is what awaits.

"If you will stand with me, I will take counsel on this matter, weighing every side."

Everyone who heard his counsel accepted it. Each man sought a way out of danger. Gostahm spoke sharply to Gordiyeh, invoking Bahram's deeds. His words shook her resolve. Doubts took root upon her heart. They all stayed at his side. His dark counsel grew bright.

He said to Yalan Sineh: "Sound this woman out about marriage. What does she say? See if she will accept, for honor's sake."

Yalan Sineh answered: "Let me speak to her. I will court her heart with many words."

Yalan Sineh said to Gordiyeh: "Woman — in all the world I have seen you as a counselor. You rightly kept your distance from the Khaqan, for your judgment was chosen by the freeborn. What do you say about Gostahm the champion, the king's uncle — wealthy, a general, a warrior with an army?"

She replied: "A husband from Iran — one through whom our lineage is not destroyed."

Yalan Sineh gave her to Gostahm. He was a brave warrior of noble blood. He kept her like a fresh apple, never seeing a fall from his heights. Whenever an army came from Khosrow's side, old times were made new again for Gostahm. Whenever he saw the king's army broken, he would raise his bow to the moon.

So it went for some time, until Gostahm became a pain in the king's soul. One day Khosrow erupted in fury and said to Gorduy: "Gostahm has married Gordiyeh. That great company went over to him. I believe she was their counselor. An agent has come from Amol, one of my spies, and revealed everything that was hidden."

He spoke in this manner until night fell. The eyes of the warriors grew weary from his words. When attendants brought candles and called for wine, and the whole palace was made splendid, the king cleared the hall of outsiders. He sat upon his throne with his advisor — Gorduy and Khosrow alone together — and the matter of Gordiyeh was debated at length.

Khosrow said: "I have sent many armies from here to Amol seeking vengeance. They all came back wounded and killed, full of groaning and melting away. Now I have one plan in this matter — and from this plan, crown and throne hang in the balance. When Bahram Chobin lost his way, Gordiyeh was always my well-wisher. Now I have a stratagem at hand. Do not speak of this before the court.

"A letter must be written to Gordiyeh — like a stream of wine in the garden of paradise: 'I will show you love. In every place and every affair I will be your ally. A long time has passed and my tongue never opened the secret upon my heart. Now is the time for speaking, for Gorduy is to us as our own body. See how you might devise a plan so that the foul demon disappears — bring Gostahm beneath the stone, and bring our heart and home into our grasp. When you have done this, I will give your army — and every well-wisher of yours in the world — whatever province you desire, and you will be sovereign over it. You will come to my golden harem, and all my vengeance will be fulfilled. Upon this I will swear the strongest oath. I will add bond upon bond. If my heart turns from this oath, may my kin find no joy in me.'"

Gorduy said: "May you be blessed — like Venus in the house of Virgo. You know that I hold my life, my children, my settled land and kin as nothing against your head, even though these things are precious. I will send someone to her at once and illuminate her dark soul. I need a note with the king's seal upon it — his handwriting shining like the moon. I will send my own wife to Khavareh, to remove any ill-wisher from this door, for such business is no one's work but a woman's — especially a woman who is a counselor. However I look at this, your message must go to my sister. This matter will come to your desire swiftly. Nothing more need be added."

When Khosrow heard this he was overjoyed. All the burdens on his heart became wind. He called at once for paper from the treasurer, and for ink ground from black musk. He wrote a letter like a garden — the flowers of the garden like the cheeks of the beloved — full of oaths, bonds, and pledges, and every kind of entreaty and counsel.

When the heading of the letter dried, they set a seal of musk upon it, and a signet bearing the name of King Parviz was pressed into the black musk.

Gorduy also wrote a letter, filling it with counsel and many things. At the head he wrote: "What Bahram did brought shame upon the entire clan and land. May God bring mercy upon him. May there be no regret for what was spoken. Anyone whose soul lacks wisdom does not weigh the great and small of affairs. If he has gone, we follow after him. Let us trust in the justice of the Lord of the world. When my wife comes to you, she will illuminate your dark soul. Do not turn from her words in any way. If you do, fortune's face will turn sallow."

Notes

1context

Khosrow's plot is a classic honey-trap: seduce Gordiyeh with promises of love and sovereignty, then use her to assassinate Gostahm. The king who once fled Bahram's rebellion now deploys the same covert assassination methods that killed Bahram — only this time targeting his own uncle through his uncle's wife.

2personگردویGorduy

Gorduy (گردوی), Gordiyeh's brother, who agrees to act as intermediary in the assassination plot against Gostahm. His willingness to sacrifice his sister's marriage for the king's favor shows the corrosive reach of court politics.

3personگستهمGostahm

Gostahm (گستهم), the rebel uncle, whose guerrilla campaign from the Alborz forests has proven militarily invincible — driving Khosrow to resort to assassination.

4translation

'Like Venus in the house of Virgo' (چو ناهید در برج خوشه) — an astrological compliment. Venus in Virgo was considered an auspicious conjunction in Persian astrology, suggesting wisdom and beauty combined.

Edition & Source

Author
فردوسی (Ferdowsi, c. 977–1010 AD)
Edition
شاهنامه — Wikisource plain edition