互保之制
The System of Mutual Guarantee
軍中之制,五人為伍,伍相保也;十人為什,什相保也;五十為屬,屬相保也;百人為閭,閭相保也。伍有乾令犯禁者,揭之,免於罪;知而弗揭,全伍有誅。什有乾令犯禁者,揭之,免於罪;知而弗揭,全什有誅。屬有乾令犯禁者,揭之,免於罪;知而弗揭,全屬有誅。閭有乾令犯禁者,揭之,免於罪;知而弗揭,全閭有誅。
The military system is as follows: five men form a squad, and the squad members guarantee each other. Ten men form a section, and the section members guarantee each other. Fifty men form a platoon, and the platoon members guarantee each other. One hundred men form a company, and the company members guarantee each other.
If anyone in a squad violates orders or breaks prohibitions, and others report it, the reporters are exempt from punishment. But if they know and do not report, the entire squad is executed. If anyone in a section violates orders or breaks prohibitions, and others report it, the reporters are exempt from punishment. But if they know and do not report, the entire section is executed. The same applies to the platoon and the company.
Notes
The 伍 (wu, squad of 5), 什 (shi, section of 10), 屬 (shu, platoon of 50), and 閭 (lü, company of 100) form the basic organizational hierarchy of the Warring States army. This mutual guarantee system (相保) makes every soldier an enforcer of discipline: concealing an offense is as criminal as committing it.
乾令犯禁: literally 'to transgress orders and violate prohibitions.' 乾 is used here in its sense of 'to offend against' or 'to transgress.' This compound covers any breach of military regulations.
