解蔽 (Removing Blindness) — Chinese ink painting

荀子 Xunzi · Chapter 21

解蔽

Removing Blindness

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蔽於一曲闇於大理

Blinded by One Corner, Darkened to the Great Pattern

凡人之患,蔽於一曲,而闇於大理。治則復經,兩疑則惑矣。天下無二道,聖人無兩心。今諸侯異政,百家異說,則必或是或非,或治或亂。

The universal affliction of people is to be blinded by one corner and darkened to the great pattern. With order, one returns to the constant; with equal doubts about two things, one falls into confusion. There are not two Ways in the world, nor does the sage have two minds. Yet the feudal lords have different governments and the hundred schools have different doctrines — some must be right and others wrong, some orderly and others chaotic.

虛壹而靜

Empty, Unified, and Still

人何以知道?曰:心。心何以知?曰:虛壹而靜。心未嘗不臧也,然而有所謂虛;心未嘗不兩也,然而有所謂壹;心未嘗不動也,然而有所謂靜。

How do people know the Way? I say: through the mind. How does the mind know? I say: through emptiness, unity, and stillness. The mind never stops storing, yet there is what is called emptiness. The mind never stops entertaining dualities, yet there is what is called unity. The mind never stops moving, yet there is what is called stillness.

Notes

1context

Xunzi's epistemological method of 'empty, unified, and still' (虛壹而靜) describes how the mind achieves clear perception: 'empty' means not letting prior knowledge block new understanding; 'unified' means not letting one object of attention interfere with another; 'still' means not letting dreams and fantasies disturb waking cognition.

Edition & Source

Text
《荀子》 Xunzi
Edition
《四部叢刊》本
Commentary
Traditional commentaries